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======Ju 87 B Abwurfwaffe====== From the "L. Dv. 575/4 **Ju 87 B** Bedienung- und Beladevorschrift für die Abwurfwaffe" released 1938 With attachment "**Anhang** zusätzliches Beladeverfahren für the Flugzeuge Ju 87 B-1, B-2, R-1 und R-2" released May 1940 =====C. Loading===== ====I. Possible Loading==== The normal load amounts to: * 500 kg bomb load and gunner * Mixed load is forbidden Reason: The different danger zones of the bombs SC 50, SC 250, SC 500 and the different arming times of fuse 5 and 15 (SC 250 and SC 500 with fuse 15 must be dropped in high attacks) forbids a mixed drop and with this a mixed load. The following bomb load are possible: - ETC 500 = 1 bomb C 250 = 250 kg. - ETC 500 = 1 bomb C 500 = 500 kg. - 4 ETC50 = 4 bombs C 50 = 200 kg. The bombs C 250 and C 500 must be fitted with leading-trunnion-hoops. Because of reasons of center of gravity fly always with a gunner. =====D. Operating of the bomb device===== The bomb device of the Ju 87 B allows following attack modes: - Release of bomb C 250 or C 500 in dive. - Single release of bombs C 50 in dive. - Salvo release of 2 - 4 bombs C 50 with fuse 15 in dive. Attention: Armed bombs with fuse 15 are only allowed to drop in peace times in high attack according to L.Dv.366. ====I. Before the start==== The pilot adjusts the altimeter and adjusts the pilot seat that his eyes are in height of the Revi. Then the pilot controls, depending on load-out, that the ASK-V is on safety or the ASK-L the main switch at "Aus"[off] and the 4 arm switches of the ASK-L are at "Sicher"[on safety], at the ZSK 243 st the main switch at "Aus"[off] and the toggle switch at "Tiefangriff"[low attack]. ====II. In dive at release of bombs C 50, C 250 or C 500.==== The pilot has to perform in the given order the following instructions. ===1. Before the Approach=== * Adjust the Revi light with the rotary knob. * Dependent on the load-out at the ASK-V or ASK-L activate the main switch. (The red control lamp and the control signs of the loaded devices must be on.) * At the ASK-L arm safety switch of the selected bomb. * At the ZSK the toggle switch to "Sturzflug"[dive] and the main switch to "Ein"[on] position. * Select the fuse-type at the ZSK ("m.V." or "o.V."). ===2. Before the Dive=== * Switch blower to "Bodenlader". * Close cooling flaps. * Control, that the Propeller pitch is in "Reise"[travel]-position. * Set dive-brake to "Bremsen"[brake], until the control rods are completely extracted, let it stay 5 second on "bremsen", then switch the lever back to idle. * Landing flaps in "Reise"[travel]-position. ===3. In the dive=== * Aim at the target with the Revi, release the bomb through pressing the B-button on the KG 12. Attention, before the release bring the A/C into a steady flight condition, especially avoid a drift to the side (through actuation of the rudder). * At the moment of the release the dive angle must not come to 80°. immediately flare-out the A/C after the release. A following dive is because of endangering the A/C forbidden. * Drop of SC 50, SC 250 or SC 500 with fuse 15 in war and of ZC 50, ZC 250 and ZC 500 with fuse 15 in peace. * The drop of armed bombs by use of fuse 5 and 15 in peace times below following heights is forbidden: * SC 50 not below 600 m * SC 250 not below 825 m * SC 500 not below 1090 m * see L.Dv. 366 * Possibly use of the fuse 15 in SC 50, Sc 250 and SC 500 kg bombs at Stuka-attacks in war (switch box voltage 240V). - At bombing with a release distance (not release height) to the target below 700 m the toggle at the ZSK must be at "m.V.", since the bomb at "o.V."-position and a release distance above 450 m can detonate w/o delay, whereby the bombing A/C at flare-out comes into the danger zone through splinter (assumed dive speed 120 m/s = 430 km/h). - If a target has to be attacked with fuse "o.V", so approach in a steep dive and do not release the bomb below 700 m, so that the bombing A/C after flare out is min. 500 m above the target (toggle at the ZSK at "o.V." - in this case 90% of all bombs explode). - Small targets w/o AA can be attacked as follows: The bombing A/C dives steep at a point before the target. At flare-out, which is started at circa 700 m height, will at a dive speed of 430 km/h until a distance of 200 - 400 m in a dive angle of 50° closed in to the target and the bomb be released within this distance (toggle to "m.V." at the ZSK). Aim point for Dive angle 50°, distance to target 300 m, dive speed 430 km/h = 4°; that means for the 1000 m release height and dive angle of 70° adjusted Revi = 1° below the center.[translators note: the Revi is here adjusted to a point 3° below the center line] * The bomb behaves in this case as follows: at a distance of * 0 - 200 m (up to 1,6 sec. fall time) = most bombs goes blind * 200 - 800 0 (1,6 - 5,8 sec.) = all bombs detonate with a delay of 8 sec. * above 800 m (above 5,8 sec.) = most of the bombs detonate with a delay of 0,08 sec., few with a delay of 8 sec. - In a Low attack out of a level flight (at bad weather) pull up short before the target to ~ 200 m. Attack in an angle of 25°. Release at a distance of circa 150 - 400 m to the target (assumed speed of 250 - 300 km/h; toggle at ZSK at "m.V."). The bomb at this speed must be dropped below a distance of 400 m, or else she explodes with delay ("m.V." = 0,05 sec.), which endangers the A/C through splinter, since it's circa 100 m above the explosion. - The fuse 15 is for SC 50, SC 250 and SC 500 under regard of the above staying statements for the use in the Stuka-groups permitted. In peace times are trainings of this sort only with concrete bombs and fuse 15 allowed. ===4. After the dive=== * Retract the dive brakes, than lever to idle. * open cooling flaps. * Switch to "Aus"[off] at the ASK-V respectively at the main switch of the ASK-L and set the arm switches to "Sicher"[on safety]. * Switch the ZSK main switch to "aus"[off]. * Deactivate the Revi. ====III. Emergency drop==== * In an emergency the entire bomb load can be dropped by pulling the emergency drop handle. * Must the emergency drop be made above own territory, so the bombs have to be dropped blind(on safety). * Is the emergency drop above enemy territory, then drop the bombs armed. * Before the **armed emergency drop** set the toggle of the ZSK to "Tiefangriff"[low attack]. * Attention! Keep in mind the safety height according to L.Dv. 366. =====E. Landing with bomb load===== The A/C can w/o danger be landed with bombs. Before landing the pilot controls, that: * The ASK-V is off, respectively * At the ASK-L the main switch at "Aus"[off] and the 4 safety switches are at "Sicher"[on safety], * At the ZSK st the main switch is at "Aus"[off]. * The pilot has after landing to inform the bomb officer of quantity and sort of bombs. * The A/C is to mark with red warning flags. =====Attachment===== **Excerpts** of the additional loading instruction for the Ju 87 B-1, B-2, R-1 and R-2 After assembly of a new deflector fork and a new adaptor for the ETC 500 to attach 2 pulleys it is with the use of the Flaz 10b or Flaz 2000 and the bomb pulley accessory Ju 87 possible, to load bombs up to 1000 kg and to release in a dive. . . . With the help of this bomb pulley device can following bombs at the ETC 500 attached: * SC 250; SC 250 with bounce plate [bounce plate is only for use against ships, to hinder the bomb from bouncing] * SC 500; SD 500; SD 500 E; PC 500; Flam C 500; SD 1000; PC 1000. . . . The particular fork positions are marked through signs at the side or in following table listed: ^ 1. fork pos. ^ 2. fork pos. ^ 3. fork pos. ^ 4. fork pos. | | fork width 420 | fork width 524 | fork width 540 | fork width 628 | | fits for: | fits for: | fits for: | fits for: | | SC 250 | SC 500 | PC 1000 | SD 1000 | | PC 500 | SD 500 | | | | | Flam C 500 | | | __**Attention!**__ At a load with 1000 kg bomb are following statements to consider: **For the Ju 87 B-1 and B-2** At a take-off-weight of 4,9 t is take-off faultless. Landing with load is allowed, however if possible to avoid. **For the Ju 87 R-1 and R-2** At a take-off-weight of 5,5 t is take-off from big and good aerodromes possible. Take-off-distance circa 1000 m. With bomb load can the Ju 87 R-1 and R-2 be landed with a weight of below 5 t, that means with empty additional tanks [drop tanks?], nevertheless those sort of landings are if possible to avoid. **In General:** At a weight of 5 t without additional load the end-dive-speed with dive brake amounts to 600 km/h. That induces by an allowed acceleration of 6 g a flare-out-radius of 550 m. At a flare-out with a 1000 kg bomb are out of consistence reasons only 3 g allowed. That induces by an end-dive-speed of 600 km/h a flare-out-radius of circa 1400 m. Before an emergency landing have the additional load and bomb to be dropped.
